More Than a Sprain: What You Need to Know About Ankle Impingement

Not all ankle pain is the result of a simple sprain. If you have ongoing discomfort when bending your ankle up or down, or if past injuries seem to be affecting your movement, the cause might be ankle impingement.

Ankle impingement happens when soft tissues in the ankle become pinched during movement. This can lead to pain, swelling, or a feeling of instability. Although it is more common in athletes and dancers, anyone who has experienced ankle trauma may develop this condition.

Understanding What Happens Inside the Ankle

The ankle is a small joint that supports movement and pressure. When there is irritation or tissue buildup inside the joint, normal motion can cause the tissues to become trapped or compressed. This is what leads to the pain and limited movement that many people experience.

There are two main types of ankle impingement:

• Anterior impingement affects the front of the ankle. It is often seen in individuals who repeatedly bend their ankle upward, such as football and basketball players. Repeated sprains can lead to thickened tissue, scar formation, or bone spurs that cause pinching during movement.

• Posterior impingement occurs in the back of the ankle and is commonly seen in ballet dancers and others who often point their toes downward. This motion can irritate the soft tissue around a bony area in the back of the joint.

Both types of impingement can be caused by past injuries, especially sprains that healed with excess scar tissue or inflammation.

Common Symptoms

Symptoms of ankle impingement may vary depending on the type, but many people report:

• Pain with ankle movement, especially when bending up or down

• A popping or catching sensation in the joint

• Weakness or the feeling that the ankle may give out

• Swelling or tenderness

• Limited range of motion

If these symptoms do not improve with rest or become worse over time, it may be a sign that impingement is present.

How Ankle Impingement Is Treated

In many cases, ankle impingement can be treated without surgery. The goal is to reduce inflammation and allow the tissues to heal properly. Treatment may include:

• A period of rest and reduced activity

• Wearing a walking boot or short leg cast to limit motion for up to four weeks

• Anti-inflammatory medication or a steroid injection to calm irritation

• Physical therapy to improve movement and strengthen the ankle

Therapy may begin with gentle range-of-motion exercises and progress to strengthening and balance work. Stationary cycling and controlled ankle movements are often helpful in restoring normal function.

When Surgery May Be Needed

If symptoms continue after nonsurgical treatment, a surgical option may be recommended. The most common procedure is ankle arthroscopy, which involves using small incisions to remove scar tissue, bone spurs, or other causes of pinching. This minimally invasive technique often allows for a quicker recovery and less discomfort after surgery.

Do Not Ignore Ongoing Ankle Pain

Ankle impingement can limit your ability to stay active and may worsen over time if left untreated. If you have pain, swelling, or stiffness that does not improve, it is important to speak with a specialist. Early treatment can help restore comfort and prevent long-term damage.

If your ankle pain feels like more than a sprain, it might be time to take a closer look. Contact us today!